what did Mao hope to accomplish with it?
Why did China intervene in the Korean War, and what did Mao
hope to accomplish with it?
China intervened
because the US was pushing dangerously close to their borders. During the early stages of the Korean War,
the US and SK pretty much had the North Korean army beaten. They’d pushed them right up to the northern
tip of Korea and would have likely had the war done by Christmas, as
indicated. But MacArthur wanted to push
them out completely and pushed them to the border of China.
Now at this point, NK
was backed by the Soviet Union and the CCP.
China was effectively having their allies push into their territory,
chased by their major opponent (The US).
MacArthur heard intelligence that China was mobilizing forces in
response to the American incursion and promptly refused to take them seriously. He continued to push, and a large number of
Chinese troops invaded Korea. China was effectively asserting its power in the
region (similarly to us in Vietnam and Korea).
Mao was banking on us pushing back and coming to the table, which
ultimately happened.

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